Tuesday, June 18, 2013

"A Nation of Kids on Speed"


6/18/13. Drs. Cohen (physician) and Rasmussen (historian) tell us about the history of stimulant use, and how stimulants have made our nation of kids on speed.

These doctors know not what they are talking about. After 35 years of treating children, adolescents, adults and families I know that stimulant medication saves lives of those properly diagnosed with ADHD and associated disorders.

The relentless attacks on psychiatric medication never let up.

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323728204578513662248894162.html?KEYWORDS=a+nation+of+kids+on+speed


My letter to the editor:

           Regarding Drs. Pieter Cohen’s and Nicolas Rasmussen’s article, “A Nation of Kids on Speed,” these authors make evident that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a well-known disorder that is not known well.

 What is not known well:

·       There is a wealth of scientific data on the clinical description, epidemiology, developmental course, prognosis, etiology, evaluation, co-existing disorders, differential diagnosis, and treatments for ADHD.

·       There are some excellent long-term studies about the positive effects of stimulant medication for ADHD.

·       The psychostimulants methylphenidate (Ritalin) and amphetamine (Adderall) are the oldest and most established pharmacological agents in child mental health.

·       The benefits of stimulant medication for ADHD have been studied over more than 50 years.

·       Medications are underused in some regions and are prescribed too freely in others.

·       There is strong evidence that ADHD is a genetic disorder.

·       Most people who suffer from ADHD never get diagnosed or take medication.

·       People who have undiagnosed ADHD are at risk for substance abuse, depression, anxieties, and suicide.

·       These medications work for the vast majority of people who are properly diagnosed.

          The authors correctly note that psychological diagnosis is based on symptoms --- and as many recent criticisms of the DSM-V have pointed out, we have a psychiatric diagnostic manual that is more reliable (consistent) than  valid (the disorder exists). We rely on symptoms to treat such disorders as ADHD because we have no valid biological tests to diagnose ADHD or any psychological disorder. Our psychiatric diagnoses are significantly handicapped because we have no idea how the water of the brain generates the wine of consciousness.

Of course our reliance on symptoms does not mean we know nothing about psychiatric disorders. Even Drs. Cohen and Rasmussen insert one sentence in their half-page article that, “Stimulants can certainly benefit some young children with truly disabling ADHD.” They go on to claim, “history has already taught us that overprescribing stimulant to millions of Americans leads to dependence, addiction, and overdose.”

History may have taught this to Drs. Cohen and Rasmussen, but the clinical experience of many psychologists and psychiatrists informed by  rigorous, peer-reviewed scientific research on ADHD, has shown that many children, adolescents, and adults find stimulant medication like glasses-for-the-mind, enhancing focus, organization, planning, and effective self-monitoring. 
 
Do some people abuse stimulants – of course. People with substance abuse problems abuse stimulants --- and  some vulnerable people may be use stimulants to “self-medicate” to “treat” undiagnosed psychiatric problems, or use stimulants to stay up all night, or whatever people do who are impulsive, have faulty judgment and try to cope with psychic despair.
 
Psychiatric medications such as stimulants sometimes offer life-enhancing measures to improve the faulty “hard drive” improving mood stability, the ability to filter out external distractions, or improve self-control. Psychological therapies, often helpful with people with ADHD, do much to repair “software,” providing supportive settings to promote hope, reroute faulty “instructions” and teach people how to live better.
 
Until we have a medical test to identify ADHD, no amount of scientific knowledge, clinical experience, or testimonials from parents and youngsters will convince Drs. Cohen and Rasmusssen of the importance of treating  ADHD across the life-span.

I hope that Drs. Cohen’s and Rasmussen’s efforts to protect us from the dangers of the misuse of medication for ADHD does not generate the side-effects of growing-up with untreated ADHD --- side-effects such as school failure, depression, delinquency, and suicide.

Steven J. Ceresnie, Ph.D.
Psychologist
Independent Practice
Plymouth, Michigan

Saturday, June 15, 2013

Pathological Altruism

6/15/13.


We don't think we'd ever heard of Oakland University, a second-tier institution in suburban Rochester, Mich., but Barbara Oakley, an associate professor in engineering, may help put the place on the map. Earlier this week Oakland's Oakley published a fascinating paper, "Concepts and Implications of Altruism Bias and Pathological Altruism," in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

The paper is a concise summary of an innovative idea that informed Oakley's two recent books: "Cold-Blooded Kindness: Neuroquirks of a Codependent Killer, or Just Give Me a Shot at Loving You, Dear, and Other Reflections on Helping That Hurts" (Prometheus, 2011) and "Pathological Altruism" (Oxford University Press, 2012). The former has been described as a true-crime thriller; the latter is a dense, 496-page collection of 31 academic papers, edited by Oakley and three other scholars...

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324688404578545523824389986.html?mod=WSJ_Opinion_MIDDLETopOpinion

Thursday, June 13, 2013

Laughter and the Brain

6/13/13.

Dr. Richard Restak:

"In my neuropsychiatric practice, I often use cartoons and jokes to measure a patient’s neurologic and psychiatric well-being. I start off with a standard illustration called “The Cookie Theft.” It depicts a boy, precariously balanced on a stool, pilfering cookies from a kitchen cabinet as his sister eggs him on, while their absentminded mother stands drying a plate, oblivious to the water overflowing from the sink onto the floor.  Though not really a cartoon—in that nothing terribly funny is taking place—it allows me to begin assessing various things: abstraction ability, empathy, powers of observation and description, as well as sense of humor. I am especially curious to see how patients process the image, whether they perceive only a portion of it or take it in as a whole. Some people notice only the boy, others only the mother..."

http://theamericanscholar.org/laughter-and-the-brain/#.UbodyeesjTp

Monday, June 10, 2013

On Antidepressants in Bipolar Disorder

6/10/13. Interview with psychiatrist Nassir Ghaemi. His new book, "On Depression," is a welcome addition to a muddled field. Dr. Ghaemi draws on his knowledge of psychiatric history, philosophy, medicine, clinical experience, and research to widen our understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders.

http://pro.psychcentral.com/2013/this-months-expert-nassir-ghaemi-m-d-on-antidepressants-in-bipolar-disorder/001611.html#

The Attachment Debate

6/10/13. Jerome Kagan, professor emeritus at Harvard University, writes his first blog and the controversies about the development of love.

http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-human-spark/201306/the-attachment-debate

Thursday, May 30, 2013

Thoughts on the Murder of Lee Rigby

5/30/13. Dr. Dalrymple, former British prison psychiatrist, comments on this brutal murder.

"A witness to the brutal hacking death of a British soldier, Lee Rigby, a few hundred yards from his barracks in London, had the presence of mind to record the explanatory statement of one of the perpetrators, Michael Adebolajo, on his phone immediately after the crime. What Adebolajo said—his hand bloody from the attack and still holding the meat cleaver with which he carried it out—was revealing, as were his manner and body language. Together, they showed him to be the product of the utterly charmless, aggressive, and crude street culture of the less favored parts of London. The intonation of his speech was pure South London, as was the resentful tone of thwarted entitlement and its consequent self-righteousness. His every gesture was pure South London; the predatory lope with which he crossed the road after speaking into the camera was pure South London..."

http://www.city-journal.org/2013/eon0529td.html

Wednesday, May 29, 2013

A Better Way To Treat Teens with Anxieties

5/29/13. The benefits of exposure therapy --- start will a small dose of the feared object (dogs) or event (public speaking), and gradually expose yourself to small step-wise progressions towards overcoming your fear.  

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323475304578503584007049700.html?mod=trending_now_4

Monday, May 27, 2013

'Death with Dignity' Claims Another Victim

'Death With Dignity' Claims Another Victim


Now Vermont has joined the misguided movement toward physician-assisted suicide.


In the Wall Street Journal (5/24/13)
 
By PAUL MCHUGH

Nearly 30 years ago, Arnold Schwarzenegger's "Terminator" character made famous the phrase "I'll be back," the implacable cyborg assassin's response to a setback. Today, similarly relentless terminators are among us, also with a deadly mission: to move America toward acceptance of physician-assisted suicide.

On Monday, the terminators gained a victory when Vermont Gov. Peter Shumlin signed into law the "Patient Choice and Control at End of Life Act." The bill had been passed by the state legislature the week before without consulting the electorate, possibly because the lawmakers had seen what happened last fall next door in Massachusetts, where voters rejected a similar initiative. Now Vermont doctors will be able to prescribe lethal medication to patients as the state joins Oregon, Washington and Montana in supporting the practice.

So the terminators are back. The reasons for opposing them and opposing physician-assisted suicide never went away. The reasons have been with us since ancient Greek doctors wrote in the Hippocratic oath that "I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody if asked for it nor will I make a suggestion to that effect." The oath is a central tenet in the profession of medicine, and it has remained so for centuries.

Dr. Leon Kass, in a brilliant essay on the Hippocratic oath in his 1985 book "Toward a More Natural Science," explains why this has been true. Medicine and surgery, he says, are not simply biological procedures but expressions, in action, of a profession given to helping nature in perpetuating and enhancing human life. "The doctor is the cooperative ally of nature," Dr. Kass writes, "not its master." It shouldn't need saying, but the exercises of healing people and killing people are opposed to one another.

Traditionally the public rests its trust in doctors on this understanding of medicine. Doctors occasionally remind the public of it when they explain why they do not participate in capital punishment or bear arms in military service.
But the terminators who champion physician-assisted suicide propose that, as seen in intensive-care units, contemporary medicine prolongs unnecessary suffering.

As a psychiatrist, I work with doctors on such units, and I can testify that all of them realize that human life itself is limited in duration and scope. These doctors regularly consider just how far they should go in sustaining a hope for recovery—cooperating with nature's resilience in treating advancing disease. They also consider when prolonging a futile effort should be replaced by comforting the person as his life naturally comes to an end. The judgment is delicate, though, and most families are justified in leaving it to skilled physicians.

Another argument for physician-assisted suicide is that many patients with cancer live too long in pain. The suffering could be reduced if their legitimate wish for death were fulfilled. These are the arguments pressed by Dr. Timothy Quill and many in the Oregon "death with dignity" group.
But scientific publications from oncologists such as Kathleen Foley, who studies patients with painful cancers, reveal that, quite to the contrary, most cancer patients want help with the pain so they can continue to live. Suicide is mentioned only by those patients with serious but treatable depressive illness, or by those who are overwhelmed by confusion about matters such as their burden on loved ones and their therapeutic options. These patients are relieved when their doctors attend to the sources of their psychological distress and correct them.

In the nearly two decades that Oregon has permitted physician-assisted suicide, I became suspicious that just such depressed and confused patients number large among those who ask for and take life-ending poisons. Why suspicious? Because the law does not demand a psychiatric assessment before they take the fatal step. Yet all efforts by psychiatrists anxious to read the medical charts of these patients after their deaths have been thwarted by the champions of their suicides, who have shrouded the patients' mental states in secrecy by raising the "privacy privilege." I believe that these doctors are killing patients of the sort that I help every day.

And then there is this talk about "death with dignity," as the Oregon and Washington laws are titled. Surely what we want is "life with dignity." Seeking life, we're ready to endure much in order to keep it going. Think of the life-saving and life-preserving colonoscopy—all dignity drops with your trousers.

The advance of the hospice movement has made a shambles of the terminators' insistence that medicine prolongs suffering and denies dignity. The doctors, nurses and social workers committed to hospice care demonstrate how an alliance with nature at life's end plays out in just the way that the medical profession intends. As hospice ways become more familiar, the public can overcome the fears that the terminators used to win over the Vermont legislature.

For you see, the terminators ultimately are not merely interested in killing people who are suffering the throes of a final illness. They have even others in mind, as history tells us. The drive to allow doctors to "assist" in suicide is not recent. Its roots are in the Progressive era of the early 20th century, when many Americans placed utter confidence in reform and in technocratic elites. Then the enthusiasts for euthanasia lined up with those clamoring for government intervention in the name of eugenics and population control.

Across the decades, Americans have fought off such dire temptations with reasoned arguments about the nature of medicine. Despite Vermont's unfortunate decision, Americans elsewhere likely will continue to defeat physician-assisted suicide at the ballot box and in the statehouse. But the enemies of life are terminators—they'll be back.

Dr. McHugh, former psychiatrist in chief at Johns Hopkins Hospital, is the author of "Try to Remember: Psychiatry's Clash Over Meaning, Memory, and Mind" (Dana Press

Reading Hayek in Beijing

5/2713.

Bret Stephens:

"...Mr. Yang went on to make his career, first as a journalist and senior editor with the Xinhua News Agency, then as a historian whose unflinching scholarship has brought him into increasing conflict with the Communist Party—of which he nonetheless remains a member. Now 72 and a resident of Beijing, he's in New York this month to receive the Manhattan Institute's Hayek Prize for "Tombstone," his painstakingly researched, definitive history of the famine. On a visit to the Journal's headquarters, his affinity for the prize's namesake becomes clear..."

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324659404578501492191072734.html?mod=rss_mobile_uber_feed

Saturday, May 18, 2013

DSM-5: A Manual Run Amok

5/18/13. Paul McHugh, MD:

"It's time for psychiatry to drop its field guide and try to learn about mental ills."

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324216004578483391664789414.html?KEYWORDS=a+manual+run+amok

My response:

Dr. Paul McHugh (“A Manual Run Amok”, 5/18-19/2013), reminds us that psychiatrists, psychologists, and other mental health clinicians have not penetrated the secrets of human nature. The DSM-V “field guide” to psychiatric disorders, he implies, consists of a list of ingredients for many psychological disorders with no recipes for the causes or etiology of any of the increasing number of mental maladies. To ask what mental illness is --- is to get answers that often sound muddle-headed or simple-minded.

In their pioneering text, “The Perspectives of Psychiatry,” Drs. McHugh and Phillip Slavney promote  conceptual clarity when diagnosing and treating mental distress. Because we have no clue how the brain creates consciousness, psychiatric disorders, they say, must be viewed, for now, as unique combinations of diseases (e.g. schizophrenia), dimensions (e.g. personality traits, temperaments), behaviors (e.g. addictions), and life stories (e.g. traumas). No one method or approach captures the complexity of an individual’s mental life. There are no substitutes for getting to know much more than the patient’s presenting symptoms.

Over the last 100 years, mental health clinicians have learned much to help alleviate mental anguish. We know that most people who get psychological therapy feel demoralized and these people often benefit from psychological therapy. Many benefit from life-saving psychiatric medications. Even more benefit from a combination of medication and psychological therapy. Some patients get medicines they don’t need. Many more patients never get the medicines they require. It is difficult to get adults to take eight days of antibiotics to treat an infection. It is much harder to get patients to regularly take medicines for their mind if they don’t help.  

Given the million-billion or so connections between the neurons in our brains, there are ample reasons for our lags in explaining the causes of problems in our minds’ “hard-ware” and  “soft-ware.” We understand much more than we can explain.

In these days where clinicians are burdened by checklist short-cuts, insurance mandated restricted number of therapy sessions,  required quick fixes of medication without knowing the patient, to name a few, there is often a rush to a non-judgment where a diagnostic manual can run amok.

S. Ceresnie, Ph.D. 

Friday, May 17, 2013

On the Mixed Reviews of the DSM-5

5/17/13. We think we know the ingredients for psychiatric disorders --- but even this is in doubt. We for sure do not know the recipes or biological etiologies for any psychiatric disorder.

The DSM was created as a method to create reliability among clinicians and researchers --- but the validity of mental maladies has been sacrificed. The DSM was supposed to spark research to make valid categories of mental illness. Spark --- it hasn't.

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323398204578487051642125668.html?mod=rss_mobile_uber_feed

Friday, May 10, 2013

Why Don't Conservatives Use Social Science Research More?

5/10/13. There are many talented social scientists who have good ideas for social policy that cut across political party lines.

http://www.american.com/archive/2013/may/nudging-the-right-to-harness-behavioral-science

Richard Feynman --- A Physicist and Genius

5/10/14. Flowers, wooing woman, magic, breaking into safes, quantum theory, playing the bongos, teaching, writing, and more....Feynman shined his curiosity and brilliance on the planet.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/10036024/Richard-Feynman-Life-the-universe-and-everything.html

Wednesday, May 8, 2013

Psychiatry's Guide is Out of Touch with Science

5/8/13. So says the Director of the National Institute for Mental Health. We should develop theories about the causes of mental maladies based on biology and genetics --- says Dr. Thomas Insel.

There are psychiatric disorders that fit the disease model such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, and more. We don't know what causes these psychiatric diseases  We know that these diseases have a strong genetic component but as yet do not understand the complexity of the contributions of nature and nurture.

We do know that not all twisted thoughts are the result of twisted neurons in the brain. We can suffer mental distress from combinations of diseases,  life events such as death of a parent, behaviors such as addiction,  personality traits such as impulsivity and challenges of low intelligence.

What is missing from our attempts to focus on reliable and valid clusters of mental disorders (DSM-V), and begin to learn the etiology of psychiatric disorders based on understanding the brain is our answer to the following question:

HOW DOES THE BRAIN CREATE THE MIND?

answer:

WE DON'T KNOW.

We have no idea how the brain creates the sense of self-consciousness. We are the only creatures who know we have in-laws.

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/07/health/psychiatrys-new-guide-falls-short-experts-say.html?src=rechp&_r=0

Saturday, May 4, 2013

Down with the New Psychiatric Diagnostic Manual

5/4/13. From the Director of the National Institute of Mental Health. Perhaps we will have to use only Yiddish words to identify psychological distress.

http://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/director/2013/transforming-diagnosis.shtml

Monday, April 29, 2013

Saturday, April 27, 2013

A Dynamic Periodic Table

4/27/13. It would be a long time before the science of psychology has a periodic table of the elements of the mind. I suffer from chemistry envy.

http://www.ptable.com/

Thursday, April 25, 2013

The Truth about ADHD

4/25/13. ADHD is a well-known disorder that is not known-well. Yale psychologist Thomas E. Brown, Ph.D. answers some questions about ADHD ---- to be discussed further in his new book.


http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-mysteries-add/201304/the-truth-about-adhd

Friday, April 19, 2013

Nathan Azrin, Ph.D. RIP

4/19/13. Dr. Azrin was a creative pioneer in the application of behavioral psychology to human problems. He is the author of the best seller "Toilet Training in Less than a Day," "Token Economies," and many more articles and books.

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/16/health/nathan-azrin-behavioral-psychologist-dies-at-82.html?src=rechp&_r=0

Tuesday, April 9, 2013

Anxiety and Depression

4/9/13. People who are anxious are often depressed; and people who are depressed are often anxious. In the DSM-IV manual and the IV to come in May, anxieties and mood disorders are categorized as distinct entities. Anxiety and mood disorders are not separate. Many people have both anxiety and depression.

http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/how-everyone-became-depressed/201304/depression-and-anxiety

Tuesday, April 2, 2013

Two Cheers for Ritalin

4/1/13. The use of stimulant medications such as Ritalin, Adderall, and Vyvanse to treat ADHD has been under attack by the New York Times, among others.

Ritalin was approved by the FDA in 1957.

The motivations for these attacks are multiple. The wealthy anti-psychiatry Scientologists have a long history of attacking the use of psychiatric medications; some groups claim that pharmaceutical companies are misleading the public to pump up their profits.  Others say that harried parents demand drugs from too-willing to prescribe physicians to improve their kids' academic records..

That ADHD is a diagnostic category with a long clinical and research history rarely gets mentioned.
The diagnosis  of more females and more adults with ADHD over the past decade accounts for much of the increase in medication for ADHD.

I repeat my article on ADHD written one year ago following another round of predictable media attacks:

http://notesofapsychologywatcher.blogspot.com/2012/01/ritalin-gone-wrong.html

Tuesday, March 26, 2013

Responding to Suicidal Risk

3/26/13. Ken Pope, Ph.D., ABPP and Melba J.T. Vasquez, Ph.D., ABPP

Understanding suicidal risk and what to do about it:

http://kspope.com/suicide/index.php

Tuesday, March 19, 2013

Better than Good Taste

Revolution in Understanding Psychology: My Beliefs


3/19/13. What do you believe about a revolution in understanding our mind?


We will create a revolution in our understanding of human nature, when we can explain how the brain generates the mind.

We have no idea how the brain can produce a directive, willful “I,” how self-consciousness flows from brain tissue, and how we can go from tangibles such as neurotransmitters and molecules to intangibles such as thoughts, moods, and perceptions.

We don’t know how brain facts become mind facts. We do know that there is not a twisted thought for every twisted neuron.

Early in his career, Freud wrote a book about how the brain worked and was connected to the mind — but he abandoned his work because of the unbridgeable brain-mind discontinuity. He went on to propose his convenient “fictions” of id, ego, and superego.

For psychologists, this brain-mind gap creates obstructions to learning about human nature, leads to accumulating more information than knowledge, and keeps many clinicians trapped in denominational conflicts such as whether to assume a biological or psychodynamic orientation.

 It is not possible to imagine what the obliteration of the mind-brain problem will lead to in our conception of human nature. My hope is that we will come to a greater understanding of the role of freedom in a world we are not yet able to see.

Steven J. Ceresnie, Ph.D.

Michigan Psychologist 2006

Psychological Understanding

3/19/13. Too often muddle-headed or simple-minded = humility and openness.



http://www.apa.org/monitor/2012/12/letters.aspx

Gifted Hands - Benjamin Carson

3/19/13...with a gifted mind and a generous heart and years of experience == wisdom


http://jewishworldreview.com/cols/sowell031913.php3

Tuesday, March 12, 2013

Thursday, March 7, 2013

Bernard Cohn Memorial Lecture Series

3/7/13. My cousin, Steven Skurka, a prominent criminal defence attorney from Toronto, gave a passionate and thoughtful analysis of one of his most memorable and important cases held March 6, 2013 at the University of Windsor Law School. Steve is a seasoned lawyer who has been involved in a number of high profile cases in Canada including the landmark Dee Brown racial profiling case, the Maple Leaf Garden sex abuse scandal, and the Guy Paul Morin wrongful conviction inquiry.

He is the legal analyst of CTV national television network and News Talk 1010 CFRB. He has a unique weekly one hour legal radio show on Newstalk 1010 called Closing Argument.

The title of Steve's talk was "Racial Profiling: R vs Dee Brown A Landmark Canadian Decision and the Case of My Career"

http://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/2013-03-04/racial-profiling-case-subject-of-law-lecture

Professor Skurka's lecture:

http://www.uwindsor.ca/law/news/steven-skurka-bernard-cohen-lecture-2013

Tuesday, March 5, 2013

ADHD Remains a Problem for Adults

3/5/13. This is a brief article.  Don't miss the responses by readers. (article was suggested to me by my colleague and friend, Suzanne Haynes, psychologist.

http://parenting.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/04/research-a-d-h-d-remains-a-problem-for-adults/?src=rechp

Wednesday, February 27, 2013

Finding the Just-Right Level of Self-Esteem for a Child

2/27/13. You can have too much self-esteem but not too much self-respect.

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323884304578328254243843768.html?mod=WSJ_LifeStyle_Lifestyle_5

Monday, February 25, 2013

Molly Crockett, Ph.D.. Neuroscientist

2/25/13. At a TED talk in November, Molly Crockett, Ph.D. speaks about the dangers of misleading neuroscience headlines and products:

"Some supposed brain boosters have no scientific basis, while many news articles misinterpret data. We haven't found a 'buy button' inside the brain, we can't tell whether someone is lying or in love just by looking at their brain scans, we can't turn sinners into saints with hormones."

http://www.ted.com/speakers/molly_crockett.html

Wednesday, February 20, 2013

How To Instill False Memories

2/20/13. Lots of damage has resulted from daughters falsely accusing their fathers of sexual abuse. Of course, there are cases when fathers do sexually abuse their daughters. Planting false memories in people is a difficult to treat "virus" in the mind whose accusations shatters families and ruins lives.                                                                  

http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/2013/02/19/how-to-instill-false-memories/

Tuesday, February 19, 2013

Long-term Course of ADHD Diagnosed in Preschool Years Can be Chronic and Severe

2/19/13. Careful monitoring of medication, and psychological therapy --- individual and family, are important avenues of treatment for ADHD. Medication only treatment is often not sufficient. Psychological therapy only is often not sufficient. Patients must get the treatment they need, not just what the professional has to offer.

http://www.nimh.nih.gov/science-news/2013/long-term-course-of-adhd-diagnosed-in-preschool-years-can-be-chronic-and-severe.shtml

Wednesday, February 13, 2013

National Institute of Mental Health

2/13/13. Make use of the wealth of information on mental health you are paying for.

http://www.nimh.nih.gov/index.shtml
 

Failing America's Mentally Ill

2/13/13. Letters to the Editor regarding E. Fuller Torrey's article in the WSJ.

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324196204578298161574788742.html?KEYWORDS=letters+to+the+editor+-+mentally+ill

Tuesday, February 12, 2013

Tuesday, February 5, 2013

Music for the Hearing Impaired - Good Vibrations

2/5/13. My cousin Risa's son Jonah --- winner of the Google national science project --- invented a method for the hearing impaired to feel the vibrations of music--- remarkable!!!


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l80bxaFrQuM

Sunday, February 3, 2013

Concerns about ADHD Practices

2/3/13. This is a tragic story about a young man who took medication prescribed for ADHD for many months --- and then committed suicide. This is a story that the news media specializes in:  SENSATIONAL, FRIGHTENING, and EXTREMELY RARE.

No where in the news do you read about children, adolescents, and adults coming to a psychologist and physician whose lives were improved by accurate psychological evaluations, accurate diagnoses, effective medication treatments, and the life-saving psychological therapies ---- these events are not news.

The diagnostic and treatment process often prevents suicide, stabilizes moods, and reduce the desire and impulsivity associated with abusing mind-numbing alcohol and drugs --- this is not news.

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/03/us/concerns-about-adhd-practices-and-amphetamine-addiction.html?hpw&_r=0&pagewanted=all

Thursday, January 31, 2013

Wednesday, January 23, 2013

Why You Truly Never Leave High School

 1/23/13. The vivid, lasting memories of adolescence.

http://nymag.com/news/features/high-school-2013-1/#print

Sunday, January 20, 2013

To Pun or Not to Pun

1/20/13.

"The late William Safire, the New York Times's long-time language writer, wrote in 2005 that a pun 'is to wordplay what dominatrix sex is to foreplay - a stinging whip that elicits groans of guilty pleasure'".

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21011778

What is Time?

Friday, January 18, 2013

The Invisable Trigger: Mental Health and Gun Violence

1/18/13. For difference reasons, political liberals and conservatives came together about 40 years ago and promoted policies to empty out the psychiatric hospitals --- and created the homeless population. We all have reduced the financial resources to treat the severely mentally ill and protected their rights to suffer the horror and misery of untreated mental diseases.

http://blogs.the-american-interest.com/wrm/2013/01/17/the-invisible-trigger-mental-health-and-gun-violence/

The Facts about Assault Weapons and Crime

1/18/13. Economist and author on guns and violence:  John R. Lott, Jr.

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323468604578245803845796068.html?mod=opinion_newsreel

Monday, January 14, 2013

Scientology: Going Clear


Paul Eli reviews Lawrence Wright's inside look at the workings of scientologists.

By PAUL ELIE
'
"On a rainy morning in late September 2010," Lawrence Wright recounts in "Going Clear," representatives of the Church of Scientology met in New York with him and a number of his colleagues at the New Yorker, from David Remnick, the magazine's editor, to its head of fact-checking and its in-house lawyer.

The Scientology delegation brought with them forty-eight three-ring binders of supporting material, stretching nearly seven linear feet, to respond to the 971 questions the checkers had posed. It was an impressive display. The binders were labeled according to categories, such as "Disappearance of L. Ron Hubbard," "Tom Cruise," "Gold Base," and "Haggis's Involvement in Scientology." Davis [Tommy Davis, a church hierarch close to Tom Cruise] emphasized that the church had gone to extraordinary lengths to prepare for this meeting. "Frankly, the only thing I can think that compares would be the presentation that we made in the early 1990s to the IRS."

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324581504578231630053455010.html?KEYWORDS=scientology


 

Friday, January 11, 2013

Catching Up

1/11/12. Gender differences in life-span:  men are catching up to women in rich countries.

http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21569362-rich-world-men-are-closing-longevity-gap-women-catching-up

Courts vs Cops

1/11/13.

Heather McDonald:

"New York’s proactive style of policing is under assault from politicians and the media as never before. But the greatest threat lies in the courtroom, where three cases before a federal judge assert that the New York City Police Department’s practice of stopping, questioning, and sometimes frisking suspects is unconstitutional and racist. On January 8, the judge issued the first of her rulings in that trilogy of suits, holding that the NYPD routinely makes illegal trespass stops in the Bronx. The ruling was a bad enough blow for the NYPD in its own right, but it is even more disturbing as an augury of things to come. The decision makes clear that U.S. District Judge Shira Scheindlin will rule against the city in every stop-and-frisk case before her, decimating the police department’s ability to fight crime..."
 
http://www.city-journal.org/2013/23_1_war-on-crime.html

Wednesday, December 26, 2012

Tuesday, December 25, 2012

2012: WHAT IS YOUR FAVORITE DEEP, ELEGANT OR BEAUTIFUL EXPLANATION?

 
12/25/12.   


192 responses from psychologists, psychiatrists, mathematicians, physicists, biologists, writers, entrepreneurs, anthropologists, economists, and more.

http://www.edge.org/annual-question
 
1 of the 192:
 
Johnstone Family Professor, Department of Psychology; Harvard University; Author, The Better Angles of Our Nature

Evolutionary Genetics Explains The Conflicts of Human Social Life
Complex life­ is a product of natural selection, which is driven by competition among replicators. The outcome depends on which replicators best mobilize the energy and materials necessary to copy themselves, and on how rapidly they can make copies which can replicate in turn. The first aspect of the competition may be called survival, metabolism, or somatic effort; the second replication or reproductive effort. Life at every scale, from RNA and DNA to whole organisms, implements features that execute—and constantly trade off­—these two functions.

Among life's tradeoffs is whether to allocate resources (energy, food, risk, time) to pumping out as many offspring as possible and letting them fend for themselves, or to eking out fewer descendants and enhancing the chances of survival and reproduction of each one. The continuum represents the degree of parental investment expended by an organism.

Since parental investment is finite, investing organisms face a second tradeoff, between investing resources in a given offspring and conserving those resources to invest in its existing or potential siblings.

Because of the essential difference between the sexes—females produce fewer but more expensive gametes—the females of most species invest more in offspring than the males, whose investment is often close to zero. Mammalian females in particular have opted for massive investment, starting with internal gestation and lactation. In some species, including Homo sapiens, the males may invest, too, though less than the females.

Natural selection favors the allocation of resources not just from parents to offspring but among genetic kin such as siblings and cousins. Just as a gene that encourages a parent to invest in offspring will be favoring a copy of itself that sits inside those offspring, so a gene that encourage an organism to invest in a brother or cousin will, some proportion of the time, be helping a copy of itself, and will be selected in proportion to the benefits conferred, the costs incurred, and the degree of genetic relatedness.

I've just reviewed the fundamental features of life on earth (and possibly life everywhere), with the barest mention of contingent facts about our own species: only that we're mammals with male parental investment. I'll add a second: that we're a brainy species that deals with life's conundrums not just with fixed adaptations selected over evolutionary time, but with facultative adaptations (cognition, language, socialization) that we deploy in our lifetimes and whose products we share via culture.

From these deep principles about the nature of the evolutionary process, one can deduce a vast amount about the social life of our species. (Credit where it's due: William Hamilton, George Williams, Robert Trivers, Donald Symons, Richard Alexander, Martin Daly, Margo Wilson.)

• Conflict is a part of the human condition. Notwithstanding religious myths of Eden, romantic images of noble savages, utopian dreams of perfect harmony, and gluey metaphors like attachment, bonding, and cohesion, human life is never free of friction. All societies have some degree of differential prestige and status, inequality of power and wealth, punishment, sexual regulations, sexual jealousy, hostility to other groups, and conflict within the group, including violence, rape, and homicide. Our cognitive and moral obsessions track these conflicts. There are a small number of plots in the world's fiction, and are defined by adversaries (often murderous), by tragedies of kinship or love, or both. In the real world, our life stories are largely stories of conflict: the hurts, guilts, and rivalries inflicted by friends, relatives, and competitors.
 
• The main refuge from this conflict is the family—collections of individuals with an evolutionary interest in one another's flourishing. Thus we find that traditional societies are organized around kinship, and that political leaders, from great emperors to tinpot tyrants, seek to transfer power to their offspring. Extreme forms of altruism, such as donating an organ or making a risky loan, are typically offered to relatives, as are bequests of wealth after death—a major cause of economic inequality. Nepotism constantly threatens social institutions such as religions, governments, and businesses that compete with the instinctive bonds of family.
 
• Even families are not perfect havens from conflict, because the solidarity from shared genes must contend with competition over parental investment. Parents have to apportion their investment across all their children, born and unborn, with every offspring equally valuable (all else being equal). But while an offspring has an interest in its siblings' welfare, since it shares half its genes with each full sib, it shares all of its genes with itself, so it has a disproportionate interest in its own welfare. The implicit conflict plays itself out throughout the lifespan: in postpartum depression, infanticide, cuteness, weaning, brattiness, tantrums, sibling rivalry, and struggles over inheritance.
 
• Sex is not entirely a pastime of mutual pleasure between consenting adults. That is because the different minimal parental investment of men and women translates into differences in their ultimate evolutionary interests. Men but not women can multiply their reproductive output with multiple partners. Men are more vulnerable than women to infidelity. Women are more vulnerable than men to desertion. Sex therefore takes place in the shadow of exploitation, illegitimacy, jealousy, spousal abuse, cuckoldry, desertion, harassment, and rape.
 
• Love is not all you need, and does not make the world go round. Marriage does offer the couple the theoretical possibility of a perfect overlap of genetic interest, and hence an opportunity for the bliss that we associate with romantic love, because their genetic fates are bound together in the same package, namely their children. Unfortunately those interests can diverge because of infidelity, stepchildren, in-laws, or age differences­­—which are, not coincidentally, major sources of marital strife.

None of this implies that people are robots controlled by their genes, that complex traits are determined by single genes, that people may be morally excused for fighting, raping, or philandering, that people try to have as many babies as possible, or that people are impervious to influences from their culture (to take some of the common misunderstandings of evolutionary explanations). What it does mean is that a large number of recurring forms of human conflict fall out of a small number of features of the process that made life possible.

Friday, December 21, 2012

Thursday, December 20, 2012

Multiple Victim Shootings, Bombings, and Right-to-Carry Concealed Handgun Laws: Contrasting Private and Public Law Enforcement

12/20/12. This is a widely quoted study by William M. Landes and John R. Lott Jr. The results are disburting to gun control advocates.

Abstract:     

Few events obtain the same instant worldwide news coverage as multiple victim public shootings. These crimes allow us to study the alternative methods used to kill a large number of people (e.g., shootings versus bombings), marginal deterrence and the severity of the crime, substitutability of penalties, private versus public methods of deterrence and incapacitation, and whether attacks produce copycats. Yet, economists have not studied this phenomenon. Our results are surprising and dramatic. While arrest or conviction rates and the death penalty reduce normal murder rates, our results find that the only policy factor to influence multiple victim public shootings is the passage of concealed handgun laws. We explain why public shootings are more sensitive than other violent crimes to concealed handguns, why the laws reduce both the number of shootings as well as their severity, and why other penalties like executions have differential deterrent effects depending upon the type of murder.
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=161637

Wednesday, December 19, 2012

The Potential Killers We Let Loose

12/19/12. Our mental health system is broken.

There are many good reasons to improve gun control in the United States, including the obscene firepower available in many weapons. But better gun control will do little to prevent many mass killings, such as occurred last week in Newtown, Conn. Even if you ban guns completely, there are many alternative weapons available for use by untreated severely mentally ill persons who are so inclined.

Knives, for example. On the same day Adam Lanza killed 20 children at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Connecticut, Min Yingjun stabbed 22 children at an elementary school in central China. Similar assaults using knives killed about 20 and wounded more than 50 children in China last year. Almost all the attacks were carried out by severely mentally ill men. So maybe we should ban knives.
What about cars? In 1999 Steven Abrams, diagnosed with schizophrenia, drove his car onto a school playground in California, killing two young children. He had been hospitalized for psychiatric problems and had talked of killing children. Also in California, Marie West, diagnosed with bipolar disorder and with 19 previous hospitalizations, intentionally ran over an elderly man in 2000. The following year David Attias, diagnosed with bipolar disorder and previously hospitalized, drove his car onto a sidewalk in the Golden State, killing four and injuring nine. He then got out of his car and said he was an "angel of death." Perhaps we should ban cars as well.

The heart of this problem is not the availability of weapons but the abundance of individuals with severe mental disorders who are not being treated.

Severe mental disorders are defined by the National Advisory Mental Health Council as including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, autism and the severe forms of major depression, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, 7.7 million Americans currently qualify for the first three diagnoses, with 3.5 million of them receiving no treatment at any given time.

Among this 3.5 million, approximately 10%, or 350,000 individuals, become societal problems because of their untreated severe mental illness. According to federal statistics or academic studies, they comprise one-third of the homeless population and one-fifth of the inmates of jails and prisons, and they are responsible for at least 10% of all homicides in the U.S.

Mass killings by individuals with severe mental illness are one tragic symptom of a much larger problem. Over the past half-century, the availability of public psychiatric beds in the U.S. has decreased to 43,000 from 559,000, even as the population has increased. When individuals with severe mental illnesses are hospitalized at all, they are not kept long enough to become stabilized because of the bed shortage. Many are eventually incarcerated for petty crimes or worse.

A 2010 survey by the Treatment Advocacy Center reported that there are over three times more severely mentally ill individuals in jails and prisons than in hospitals. The problem is further exacerbated by state commitment laws that impede the hospitalization of those who resist treatment.
At this time, Adam Lanza's psychiatric diagnosis is not publicly known. Published accounts suggest that he fits into the autism spectrum, and it is known that a small number of such individuals become violent as adults. Such individuals require medications to control their behavior.

While it isn't yet known whether Lanza was being treated, it is known that Connecticut is among the worst states to seek such treatment. It has among the weakest involuntary treatment laws and is one of only six states that doesn't have a law permitting court-ordered "assisted outpatient treatment." In study after study, AOT has been shown to decrease re-hospitalizations, incarcerations and, most importantly, episodes of violence among severely mentally ill individuals.

Would we have fewer mass killings in the U.S. if we made sure that individuals with severe mental illnesses were receiving treatment? Examining the other 10 largest mass killings suggests that the answer is yes.

Seung-Hui Cho, who killed 32 at Virginia Tech; Howard Unruh, who killed 13 in Camden, N.J.; and Jiverly Wong, who killed 13 in Binghamton, N.Y., all had untreated schizophrenia. James Holmes, who killed 12 in an Aurora, Colo., movie theater almost certainly was severely mentally ill, but clinical information has not yet been released. George Hennard, who killed 23 in a Killeen, Texas, cafeteria, had definite paranoid thinking. Patrick Sherill, who killed 14 in an Edmond, Okla., post office, was known as "crazy Pat" by his neighbors but never formally diagnosed.

By contrast, little or no evidence of severe mental illness exists for Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, who killed 13 at a high school in Littleton, Colo.; James Huberty, who killed 21 at a McDonald'sMCD -0.81% in San Ysidro, Calif.; and U.S. Army Maj. Nidal Malik Hasan, who killed 13 at the Fort Hood military base in Texas. Yet Charles Whitman, who killed 14 in Austin, Texas, was found at autopsy to have a tumor in the part of the brain that controls aggression.

It is now clearly established that people with severe mental illnesses who are being treated are no more dangerous than the general population. But some with severe illnesses who are not being treated are more dangerous. Therefore, if we ensure treatment for those who are known to be potentially dangerous, we may not eliminate mass killings but we would reduce them significantly. And perhaps if we had already done so, 20 small children in Newtown, Conn., might be alive today awaiting Christmas.

Dr. Torrey is the founder and Ms. Fuller is executive director of the Treatment Advocacy Center in Arlington, Va.

A version of this article appeared December 18, 2012, on page A19 in the U.S. edition of The Wall Street Journal, with the headline: The Potential Killers We Let Loose.

 
 















 

The Individuals in the World Are Getting Wider

Tuesday, December 18, 2012

Newtown --- A Path Forward

12/18/12. Wall Street Journal writer Peggy Noonan gets to the heart of what we should do after the killings in Newton. No easy answers.

http://blogs.wsj.com/peggynoonan/2012/12/17/newtown/

Book Review: "Far From the Tree"

12/18/12. Psychiatrist Paul McHugh reviews Andrew Solomon's "Far From the Tree."

Dr. McHugh:

"...Children 'wanting' transgender treatment are responding not to pressure from a 'needful' identity, as Mr. Solomon implies, but to their thought that they can better resolve psychosocial problems by living in the other sex. They are, in this regard, like anorexic girls and require parental—and sometimes professional—redirection to avoid developmental confusions and struggles. The long-term follow-up of "reassigned" transsexuals reveals high risks for misery and suicidal behavior..."

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324481204578182301612213608.html

Thursday, December 13, 2012

Flourishing - A New Understanding of Happiness and Well-Being

12/13/12. Martin E.P. Seligman, Ph.D. talks about what we have learned in the last twenty years to make people's lives better. 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e0LbwEVnfJA

Tuesday, December 11, 2012

Battle at the Kitchen Table

12/10/12. Every night, millions of parents sit around their kitchen tables helping their kids do their homework. For some kids, one hour of homework turns into four hours of misery, frustration, arguing, tears, and turmoil.

Many of these youngsters suffer from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder -ADHD --- undiagnosed and labeled by other names such as lazy, stupid, stubborn, or defiant.

When a child suffers, the whole family hurts. There is so much concern about the over-diagnosis of ADHD  and other childhood maladies, but in truth, most kids with ADHD or other psychiatric disorders never get the proper diagnosis and treatments.

The Psychiatric "Bible": Controversy and the DSM-V

12/10/12. The 5th revision of the psychiatric diagnostic manual will be released in the Spring of 2013.

The growing number of psychiatric maladies in this edition consist of symptom lists or ingredients for each disorder --- except we have no idea what the recipes or biological etiologies are for any mental illness.

 http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/11/health/a-compromise-on-defining-and-diagnosing-mental-disorders.html?hpw